GEOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL

Petroleum, Placer mineral Deposits

Mineral Deposits :

Tin (Sn), Manganese (Mn) Deposits, Chromium (Cr) Deposits, Titanium deposits (Ti),

Building Stones

Geophysical Methods (Summery), Pathfinder Elements of Ore deposits

Role of H₂O and CO₂ in silicate melt;

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X – Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Chemical weathering and it’s type, Mantle reservoirs

Concept of Grade and Graded Streams, Causes of Plate Motion, reflection and refraction of seismic waves, Mineral Phase transition in mantle,

Concept of Grade and Graded Streams; Strahler number [river numbering]; Till Deposits; Characteristics of Till deposits; Chemical weathering and it’s type; Sand dune and it’s classification; Soil and Soil Profile; Climatic Soil Classification

Geophysical Methods (Summery), Refraction and reflection of seismic wave

Infiltration, Flow Net, Hydrograph and it’s interpretation, Types of Hydrograph, Ground Water Development Zones, Hypsometric Curve and Integral,

Fick, Roult and Henry’s law in Petrogenesis; Role of H₂O and CO₂ in silicate melt;

Alumina Saturation Index, Partial Melting of Rocks, Important Igneous rocks, Continental Flood Basalt, Alkaline Rocks, Anorthosites, Mantle reservoirs

Chemical Classification of minerals; Mineral Bonding; Silicate Structures; Ionic substitution

Isomorphism; Polymorphism; Pseudomorphism; Solid Solution; Exsolution

Mineral family – Olivine; Pyroxene; Amphibole; Mica; Feldspar; Quartz Group; Garnet; Carbonate Group;

Optical Minerology :

Biaxial Indicatrix

Crystallography :

Crystal forms; Crystal system and their identification; Symmetry elements;

Cubic System; Tetragonal System; Hexagonal System & Trigonal; Orthorhombic System; Monoclinic System; Triclinic System

Partial Melting of Rocks; Ophiolites / Oceanic crust & upper mantle;

Specific metamorphic rocks; High strained rocks; High Strain Textures

Metamorphic Reactions; Replacement reactions (reaction rim/ corona)

Metamorphic Facies Assemblages; Metamorphic facies series;

Types of Fossils; Type Specimen (Fossils); Ichno Facies; Speciation;

Composition of petroleum/oil/gas; Distillation of Petroleum / Biproducts; Conventional vs Unconventional energy resources

Chemical weathering and it’s type; MIS/OIS Marine Isotopic Stages; Sapropel; Marine Sedimentation; Ichno Facies; Hjulstrom Diagram

Sandstone : Diagenesis of Sandstone;

Laws of Stratigraphy, STRATIGRAPHIC NOMEINCLATURE : Litho-stratigraphy; Bio-stratigraphy; Magneto-stratigraphy; Chrono-stratigraphy

Rise of Himalaya (phases); GSSP (Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points); Unconformity

CRATONS : Dharwar Craton;

MOBILE BELTS : CITZ (Central India Tectonic Zone); Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB); Aravalli Delhi Fold Belt; North Singhbhum Mobile Belt

PROTEROZOIC BASINS : Vindhyan Super Group; Cuddapah Super Group;

PRECAMBRIANS : Delhi Super Group;

PALEOZOIC : Paleozoic of Kashmir Basin; Paleozoics of Spiti; Marwar (Bikaner-Nagaur) Super Group; Gondwana Basin (Damodar Valley)

MESOZOICS : Jurassic of Kutch; Cretaceous of Trichinopoly (Cauvery Basin); Mesozoics of Spiti

CENOZOICS : Cenozoic deposits of Himalaya; Siwalik Group; Indo-Gangetic Alluvium

unconformity, Rise of Himalaya (phases), Exhumed Topography, oceanic core complex,

Strain hardening vs softening, Pi and Beta Diagram,