An ancient landform or landscape that had been buried beneath younger rocks or sediment and that is exposed by their subsequent erosion. This process is called Exhumation.
Exhumation refers to any geological mechanisms that brings the rocks from deeper crustal levels to shallower crustal levels. While erosion or denudation is fundamental in eventually exposing these deeper rocks at earth’s surface.
The process is known as Exhumation process. This is in turn produces inlier (older rock surrounded by younger one)
- Image is from Sagar Vindhyan (sandstone) surrounded by Deccan (basalt)
- It occurs at various scales from small scales (<10km) to the 100’s of m deep.
- The process may result from unloading due to erosion.
- These mechanism can be driven by the convergence of tectonic plates through subduction.
- Depending on the type of convergent boundary, exhumation occurs by thrusting in the accretionary wedge, by obduction as a process during the orogenic cycle.
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