A dynamic topography map provides the information about horizontal circulation of the waters and magnitude of the flow at different depths. Ocean currents are mapped by studying the hills and valleys in maps of the sea surface height relative to the geoid, known as ‘Dynamic ocean topography’. Currents move around ocean dynamic topography hills & […]
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Separation of a liquid from the partially melted solid residue is a form of diversification because it involves partitioning and separation of chemical constituents, and it can produce a variety of melt compositions from a single source. When the interfacial energy (surface tension) of the melt is similar to that of the minerals, the dihedral
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Ophiolites are considered to be masses of oceanic crust and upper mantle thrust onto the edge of a continental or incorporated in mountain belts, where they are tectonically disrupted and now exposed by erosion. A typical Ophiolite, in this case based primarily on the Semail Ophiolite in Oman on the Arabian peninsula, a particularly well
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The rise of Himalaya has been related with the northward drift of the Indian Plate and it’s consequent collision with the Eurasian Plate. Paleomagnetic data from the floor of the India ocean suggests that the northward drift of the India Plate was most rapid during the Paleocene Epoch. This was also the time of the
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In paleontology fossils can be of many types as explained below – Body fossils :- These are well preserved entire organism, unaltered and altered hard parts and naturally formed moulds and casts (+ vs and -ve impression) are called as body fossils. Chemical fossils :- These are well preserved paleo-proteins and amino acids (paleo-biochemistry) and
Petroleum is hydrocarbon, with minor amount of Nitrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur as impurities along with heavy metal. Source of petroleum is organic. It contains CH4 chains that are linked together to form long chains of more complex molecules. Petroleum occurs in the earth in combination of any of the many states like gas, liquid (crude
Placer deposits or simply placers are accumulation of valuable minerals concentrated in overburden in stream sediments or in beach materials by natural processes. Heavy minerals like gold, diamond, Ti, Cr, Sn and magnetite of the same size of low density minerals like quartz thus the heavy minerals will be concentrated in areas where water current
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Here is the list and short description of important Igneous rocks. Detailed description of the particular rock is given in separate post.
Important Igneous Rocks Read More »
Facies Pelitic Calcareous Mafic Zeolite (100-2000C) interlayered smectite/chlorite calcite calcite Laumonite, thompsonite, calcite, interlayered smectite/chlorite Prehnite- Pumpellyite(150-3000C) Prehnite, Pumpellyite, calcite, chlorite, albite Calcite Prehnite, Pumpellyite, calcite, chlorite, albite Greenschist(300-4500C) Muscovite, chlorite, Quartz, albite, biotite, garnet Calcite, dolomite, Quartz, epidote, tremolite Albite, epidote, chlorite, quartz, actinolite, sphene Epidote-Amphibolite(450-5500C) Muscovite, biotite, Garnet, albite, quartz calcite, quartz, tremolite,
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Building stones are the stones which are used in the buildings. Here are some building stones and their building properties – Granite : Excellent building properties, high strength, high hardness, low absorption value, least porosity, good resistance to frost & weathering, excellent durability. These rocks have poor resistance to fire. Basalt : High strength, resistant
