ECONOMIC GEOLOGY ARTICLES

Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ): Largest manganese nodule region

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY ARTICLES, GEO-ARTICLES, OCEANOGRAPHY ARTICLES /

The Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) is a vast abyssal plain in the central Pacific Ocean, covering approximately 6 million square kilometers (about the size of Europe). It is one of the richest sources of manganese nodules, containing high concentrations of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn)—all critical for modern technology and renewable energy. […]

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Chromium (Cr) Deposits

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY ARTICLES, GEO-ARTICLES /

Important minerals : Types of chromite deposits :- Indian deposits :- Stratiform or Layered Chromite Associated with mafic/ ultramafic layered intrusions formed in calm environment (Precambrian) Podiform chromite Irregular geometry, found in disturbed environment, Phanerozoic in age Sukinda ultramafic complex, Orissa Stratified beds inclosed in a sequence of Dunite-peridotite Sithampundi chromite, Tamilnadu Stratiform deposit in

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Geophysical Methods (Summery)

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY ARTICLES, GEO-ARTICLES, GEOPHYSICS ARTICLES /

Method Measured parameter Used physical property Suitable deposits type Seismic Travel time of reflected & refracted waves Density and Elastic modeVelocity and Acoustic Coal, Oil, Gas, Groundwater, Layered sedimentary basin, Ni- Cu- PGE in volcanic basal flows Gravity Gravity(Variation in earth’s gravitational field) Density contrast between the surrounding and host rock Massive sulfides, Chromite, Ni-Cu-

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Pathfinder elements of ore deposits (Geochemistry)

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY ARTICLES, GEO-ARTICLES, GEOCHEMISTRY ARTICLES /

Type of deposits Pathfinder element Gold- Silver vein type, Gold- Silver- Cobalt- Copper- Zinc and complex sulfide ores As W- Be- Zn- Mo- Cu- Pb- Skarns,Sn- Ba veins B Cu- Pb- Zn- Silver & Complex sulfide deposits Hg, Zn Ba- Ag vein deposit, Porphyry Cu Mn Wolframite- Tin contact metamorphic deposits Mo Porphyry Cu, Barium-

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Petroleum

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Petroleum is hydrocarbon, with minor amount of Nitrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur as impurities along with heavy metal. Source of petroleum is organic. It contains CH4 chains that are linked together to form long chains of more complex molecules. Petroleum occurs in the earth in combination of any of the many states like gas, liquid (crude

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