In the distillation process, petroleum is separated into different molecular groups : C1– C4 Gas C5– C10 Gasoline C11– C13 Kerosine C14– C18 Diesel fuel (light gas oil) C19– C25 Heavy gas oil C26– C40 Lubricating oil > C40 Residuum Natural Gas : Natural gas usually consists mostly of methane (CH4) but may contain variable […]
Distillation of Petroleum / Biproducts Read More »
Petroleum and natural gas are mixtures of hydrocarbons. On average, they consist of 85% C, 13% H and 2% N,S and (all weight %). The main components of natural hydrocarbons belongs to three groups : Paraffins : or n-alkanes with general formula CnH2n-2. for n = 1 to 4 these are gases, from n =
Composition of Petroleum/Oil/Hydrocarbon Read More »
An X- ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer is an x ray instrument used for routine, relatively non-destructive chemical analysis of rocks, minerals, sediments and fluids. It works on wavelength-dispersive spectroscopic principles that are similar to an electron microprobe (EPMA). However, an XRF is used for bulk analysis of larger fractions of geological materials. The relative ease
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X- ray diffraction is a common technique that determine a sample’s composition or crystalline structure. For large crystals such it can be used to determine the structure of atoms within the sample. If crystal size is too small, it can determine composition, crystallinity, and phase purity. Bragg’s law reflection. The diffracted x-rays exhibit constructive interference
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Where is my mind ? a question that that came to my mind when i was trying to do something but nothing came into my mind, i have opened my laptop open YouTube, i don’t know what to search. my mind was fully blank and it’s like nothingness. So tried to find something about this
The Election Commission of India is the constitutional body in the sense that it is common to both the central government and the state governments except the election to panchayats and municipalities in the states. Related Article Article 324 of the Indian Constitution has provisions related to the Election commission of India. Since its inception
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The Constitution (Article 76) has provided for the office of the Attorney General for India. He is the highest law officer in the country. The AG is not a member of the Central cabinet. There is a separate law minister in the Central cabinet to look after legal matters at the government level. Appointment and
ATTORNEY GENERAL OF INDIA Read More »
There are total 12th schedules in the Indian Constitution as follows – SCHEDULES FEATURES OF SCHEDULE First schedule It contains the name of States and Union Territories, Territorial Jurisdiction of States is also included Second schedule The provision in relation to allowances, privileges, emoluments of : President of India, Governors of Indian States, Speaker of
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Water requires a non gaseous surface to make a transition from a vapor to a liquid. Cloud Condensation Nuclei or CCN (also known as cloud seeds) are small particles about which cloud droplets coalesce. When no CCN is present, water vapor can be supercooled below 00C before droplets spontaneously form. In the above freezing temperatures
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This plot shows the average current velocities necessary for the erosion, transportation and deposition of the sediment particles of different sizes. The lower curve on the diagram, it shows that once eroded and moving a clay particle, but not a fine particles of sand can be transported by a week current. This is because the
HJULSTROM’S DIAGRAM Read More »
